Product Designer, Wearables

Meta
Full-timeβ€’$201k-278k/year (USD)β€’San Francisco, United States

πŸ“ Job Overview

Job Title: Product Designer, Wearables

Company: Meta

Location: New York, NY / San Francisco, CA

Job Type: Full-Time

Category: Product Design / Wearables Technology

Date Posted: 2026-06-11

Experience Level: 8+ Years (Senior Level)

Remote Status: On-site

πŸš€ Role Summary

  • Lead end-to-end mobile product design for Instagram experiences integrated into Meta's cutting-edge wearables portfolio, including smart glasses and AR devices.

  • Drive the design vision and strategy for on-device interactions, translating complex product opportunities into intuitive and engaging user-centered solutions.

  • Collaborate extensively with senior design leads, product managers, engineers, and researchers to deliver high-quality, cohesive user experiences across the product lifecycle.

  • Leverage emerging AI tools and workflows to accelerate design exploration, prototype generation, and enhance overall design quality and efficiency.

πŸ“ Enhancement Note: This role is situated within Meta's Cross-Meta Experiences (XME) team, specifically focusing on how Instagram integrates with and is experienced through Meta's hardware. The emphasis on "wearables portfolio" and "AR devices" indicates a forward-looking role at the intersection of software design and emerging hardware platforms, requiring a blend of traditional product design skills and an understanding of new interaction paradigms. The explicit mention of AI tools suggests a significant focus on integrating generative AI into the design process.

πŸ“ˆ Primary Responsibilities

  • Own the complete mobile design lifecycle for Instagram features on Meta's wearables, from initial concept and user research through to final launch and iteration.

  • Shape the user experience on display glasses and other wearable form factors, focusing on novel ways users can capture and share unique perspectives.

  • Develop and articulate the design vision for Instagram's presence on wearable devices, ensuring alignment with overall product strategy and brand identity.

  • Create high-fidelity prototypes and interactive models to effectively communicate design concepts, user flows, and interaction patterns to cross-functional teams and stakeholders.

  • Partner closely with product management, engineering, and research teams to define key performance indicators (KPIs), iterate on designs based on data and user feedback, and ensure successful product outcomes.

  • Act as a design advocate, upholding and elevating the quality standards for wearables design within Instagram, ensuring coherence and excellence.

  • Navigate complex cross-team relationships, fostering collaboration and alignment between Instagram product teams and the Wearables hardware division.

  • Actively contribute to the growth and development of the design team by participating in interviews, sharing knowledge, and developing shared design resources and tools.

  • Explore and implement AI tools and workflows to enhance design efficiency, accelerate ideation, and improve the quality of design outputs.

  • Champion responsible and ethical AI practices in design, considering potential biases, risks, and quality implications.

πŸ“ Enhancement Note: The responsibilities highlight a senior-level role requiring significant autonomy and strategic input. The phrase "own wearables mobile design end-to-end" signifies deep ownership, while "shape on-device experiences" and "contribute to the design vision" point to influence beyond execution. The emphasis on cross-team collaboration with "multiple teams and stakeholders across Instagram and Wearables" underscores the need for strong communication and influence skills in a complex organizational structure.

πŸŽ“ Skills & Qualifications

Education: While no specific degree is mandated, a Bachelor's or Master's degree in Interaction Design, Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), Graphic Design, or a related field is typically expected for roles of this seniority and scope. Equivalent practical experience will also be considered.

Experience: 8+ years of professional experience in product design, with a proven track record of end-to-end ownership of consumer mobile product areas from initial concept through successful launch.

Required Skills:

  • Product Design: Deep understanding of the product design process, from user research and ideation to prototyping, visual design, and final implementation.

  • Interaction Design: Strong expertise in designing intuitive and engaging user interactions, particularly for mobile and emerging form factors.

  • Visual Design: Excellent visual design skills, with a keen eye for aesthetics, typography, layout, and brand consistency.

  • Prototyping: Proficiency in creating high-fidelity prototypes and interactive models using industry-standard tools to effectively communicate design direction and test user flows.

  • Mobile Design: Extensive experience designing for mobile platforms (iOS and Android), understanding platform conventions and user expectations.

  • User-Centered Design: Commitment to user-centered design principles, with the ability to translate user needs and research findings into compelling product solutions.

  • Cross-functional Collaboration: Proven ability to work effectively with product management, engineering, user research, and other stakeholders in a fast-paced environment.

  • Strategy & Vision: Experience contributing to and shaping design vision and product strategy within a specific product area.

  • Storytelling & Communication: Strong verbal and visual communication skills, with the ability to articulate design decisions, build buy-in, and present ideas persuasively through storytelling and compelling visuals.

  • Ambiguity Navigation: Comfort and effectiveness in working within ambiguous environments, driving clarity, and defining solutions for undefined challenges.

Preferred Skills:

  • AI Skill Development: Demonstrated ongoing learning and application of AI technologies, including prompt engineering, context engineering, and agent orchestration.

  • AI-Powered Design: Experience designing AI-powered product experiences or prototyping with generative AI tools.

  • Zero-to-One Product Design: Proven track record of contributing to the design and launch of novel, "zero-to-one" product features or experiences at scale.

  • AI Workflow Optimization: Ability to integrate AI tools to optimize design workflows, drive efficiency gains, and achieve measurable improvements in design quality.

  • Wearables/Small Screen Design: Specific experience designing for small screens, wearable devices, or hardware-constrained platforms.

  • Ethical AI Practices: Familiarity with and experience in applying responsible, ethical AI principles, including risk assessment, bias mitigation, and quality/accuracy reviews.

  • Emerging Hardware: Experience or strong interest in wearables, AR/VR, or other emerging hardware platforms.

πŸ“ Enhancement Note: The "8+ years of experience" combined with "end-to-end ownership of consumer mobile product areas" points strongly to a Senior Product Designer or Lead Product Designer level. The preferred qualifications heavily emphasize AI integration, suggesting that candidates with hands-on experience in AI-assisted design workflows will have a significant advantage.

πŸ“Š Process & Systems Portfolio Requirements

Portfolio Essentials:

  • End-to-End Case Studies: Showcase 2-3 comprehensive case studies demonstrating your ability to lead product design from initial problem definition through to shipped product and iteration. Each case study should clearly articulate the problem, your role, the design process, key decisions, and measurable outcomes.

  • Wearables/Mobile Focus: Prioritize projects that highlight experience with mobile product design. If available, include work related to small screens, wearables, or emerging hardware platforms.

  • Interaction & Visual Craft: Clearly present your interaction design skills through detailed user flows, wireframes, and prototypes, alongside strong visual design execution in high-fidelity mockups.

  • Process & Problem-Solving: Detail your design process and how you approached complex challenges, ambiguity, and user needs. Explain the rationale behind your design decisions.

  • Collaboration & Impact: Illustrate how you collaborated with cross-functional teams (PM, Engineering, Research) and demonstrate the impact of your designs, ideally with quantifiable results.

  • AI Integration (If Applicable): If you have experience using AI tools in your design process, showcase examples of how you leveraged them for efficiency, exploration, or quality improvement.

Process Documentation:

  • Workflow Design & Optimization: Include examples of how you have mapped out, analyzed, and optimized user workflows to improve efficiency and user satisfaction.

  • System Implementation Standards: Demonstrate an understanding of how designs translate into functional products, including considerations for technical constraints and platform integration.

  • Measurement & Performance Analysis: Showcase how you collaborated with teams to define success metrics, analyzed design performance post-launch, and iterated based on data.

πŸ“ Enhancement Note: For a role at Meta, particularly in a cutting-edge area like wearables and AI, the portfolio is critical. It needs to go beyond just aesthetics and demonstrate strategic thinking, problem-solving capabilities, and an understanding of product impact. Emphasizing the "zero-to-one" aspect and AI integration in case studies will be a strong differentiator.

πŸ’΅ Compensation & Benefits

Salary Range: $201,000/year to $278,000/year (USD) + Bonus + Equity + Benefits.

Benefits:

  • Bonus: Performance-based annual cash bonus.

  • Equity: Stock options or Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) in Meta Platforms, Inc.

  • Comprehensive Health Insurance: Medical, dental, and vision coverage for employees and dependents.

  • Retirement Savings Plan: 401(k) with company match.

  • Paid Time Off: Generous vacation, sick leave, and paid holidays.

  • Parental Leave: Paid leave for new parents.

  • Wellness Programs: Resources and programs focused on employee well-being.

  • Professional Development: Opportunities for learning, training, and conference attendance.

  • On-site Amenities: Depending on the office location, may include meals, fitness centers, and other perks.

Working Hours: Standard full-time work week, typically 40 hours per week. While on-site, there may be flexibility in daily scheduling, but core business hours and team collaboration needs will require consistent presence.

πŸ“ Enhancement Note: The salary range provided is competitive for a Senior Product Designer role at a major tech company like Meta in high-cost-of-living areas like New York and San Francisco. The inclusion of "Bonus" and "Equity" signifies a total compensation package that can significantly exceed the base salary. The benefits package is typical for large tech firms and focuses on holistic employee support.

🎯 Team & Company Context

🏒 Company Culture

Industry: Social Media, Technology, Artificial Intelligence, Hardware Development, Virtual/Augmented Reality. Meta operates at the forefront of connecting people and building the metaverse, with a strong focus on innovation across its family of apps (Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp) and its hardware divisions (Meta Quest, Ray-Ban Meta smart glasses).

Company Size: Meta is a large technology company, employing tens of thousands of people globally. This scale means established processes, significant resources, and opportunities for impact across massive user bases, but also a need for strong individual initiative to navigate the organization.

Founded: Meta (formerly Facebook) was founded in 2004. Its history is marked by rapid growth, innovation, and strategic acquisitions, positioning it as a leader in social networking and now, increasingly, in immersive technologies and AI.

Team Structure:

  • XME (Cross-Meta Experiences): This team likely comprises designers, product managers, and engineers focused on creating cohesive experiences across Meta's different products and hardware.

  • Instagram Integration: The role specifically involves integrating Instagram's features and identity into Meta's hardware ecosystem.

  • Wearables Portfolio: You'll be working closely with teams dedicated to hardware products like Ray-Ban Meta smart glasses and future AR devices.

  • Cross-Functional: Expect to work closely with Product Management, Engineering, User Research, and potentially Marketing teams within both Instagram and the Wearables division.

  • Reporting: The role likely reports into a Design Lead or Director within the XME or Instagram design organization, with close collaboration with product leadership.

Methodology:

  • Data-Driven Design: Decisions are heavily informed by user data, A/B testing, and performance metrics.

  • Iterative Development: A strong emphasis on rapid prototyping, user testing, and iterative improvements based on feedback.

  • AI Integration: Proactive exploration and adoption of AI tools to enhance design workflows and product capabilities.

  • User-Centered Approach: Deep commitment to understanding and solving user problems through design.

  • Scale & Performance: Focus on designing experiences that are robust, performant, and scalable to billions of users.

Company Website: https://www.metacareers.com/

πŸ“ Enhancement Note: Meta's culture is often described as fast-paced, data-driven, and highly ambitious. The company invests heavily in R&D, particularly in AI and the metaverse. Being part of a large organization like Meta offers immense resources and the potential to impact billions of users, but also requires adaptability and the ability to navigate complex structures.

πŸ“ˆ Career & Growth Analysis

Operations Career Level: This is a Senior Product Designer role (8+ years experience). It signifies a level of expertise where individuals are expected to lead significant product areas, contribute to strategic direction, mentor junior designers, and operate with a high degree of autonomy. The focus on "zero-to-one" product design suggests opportunities to shape entirely new product categories.

Reporting Structure: You will likely report to a Design Lead or Manager within the XME or Instagram design organization. You will collaborate daily with Product Managers and Engineering Leads on specific product initiatives.

Operations Impact: The design of Instagram experiences on wearables has the potential to fundamentally change how users interact with social media and capture/share their lives. This role directly impacts Meta's strategic push into hardware and the metaverse, influencing billions of user interactions and the company's future revenue streams. Success here could lead to significant product ownership and influence.

Growth Opportunities:

  • Design Leadership: Progression to Staff Designer, Principal Designer, or Design Manager roles, leading larger teams or more strategic initiatives.

  • Specialization: Deepen expertise in wearables design, AR/VR interfaces, or AI-driven product experiences.

  • Cross-Product Impact: Opportunities to contribute to other Meta product areas or hardware initiatives.

  • Mentorship: Formal and informal opportunities to mentor junior designers and contribute to team development.

  • Strategic Influence: Increased involvement in defining product strategy and long-term design vision for Meta's hardware and software integrations.

πŸ“ Enhancement Note: This role is a significant step for a product designer, offering exposure to cutting-edge hardware and AI technologies. The growth path at Meta is generally well-defined, with clear opportunities for advancement into more senior individual contributor (IC) roles or management tracks, especially for those who demonstrate strong leadership and impact.

🌐 Work Environment

Office Type: Primarily an on-site role, requiring regular presence in Meta's New York or San Francisco offices. These offices are designed to foster collaboration, innovation, and community.

Office Location(s):

  • New York, NY: Meta has a significant presence in New York City, likely offering access to a vibrant tech ecosystem and diverse talent pool.

  • San Francisco, CA: Meta's headquarters and a major hub for its operations, offering extensive resources and a concentrated tech environment.

Workspace Context:

  • Collaborative Spaces: Offices feature open workstations, team pods, meeting rooms, and common areas designed to encourage spontaneous interaction and cross-functional collaboration.

  • Tools & Technology: Access to state-of-the-art hardware, software, and internal tools necessary for design, prototyping, and testing. This includes high-performance workstations and potentially access to Meta's own hardware prototypes.

  • Team Interaction: Daily interaction with your immediate design team, product managers, engineers, and researchers. Opportunities to connect with designers across different product areas through internal events and forums.

  • Resources: Access to internal design systems, research findings, and a wealth of engineering and product expertise.

Work Schedule: While the role is on-site, Meta often supports flexible work arrangements within the office environment. However, core collaboration hours and team meeting schedules will dictate specific daily needs. The expectation is consistent availability and engagement during working hours.

πŸ“ Enhancement Note: Meta's office environments are typically dynamic and geared towards facilitating collaboration. For an on-site role, candidates should expect a structured work week with significant opportunities for in-person interaction with colleagues, which is crucial for rapid iteration and alignment in hardware-software integration projects.

πŸ“„ Application & Portfolio Review Process

Interview Process:

  • Initial Recruiter Screen: A brief call to discuss your background, interest in the role, and basic qualifications.

  • Hiring Manager Interview: Focus on your experience, design philosophy, and fit with the team's goals. May include behavioral questions and high-level discussions about your portfolio.

  • Portfolio Review (Design Team): This is a critical step. You will present 2-3 detailed case studies from your portfolio to a panel of designers. Be prepared to deep-dive into your process, decision-making, challenges faced, and the impact of your work. Expect questions about your approach to interaction design, visual craft, and problem-solving.

  • Technical/Skills Interview (Optional): May involve specific design exercises or discussions related to prototyping, interaction patterns, or AI tool usage.

  • Cross-Functional Interview: Potentially an interview with a Product Manager or Engineering Lead to assess collaboration skills and understanding of the product development lifecycle.

  • Final Round/Hiring Manager Wrap-up: A final discussion to assess overall fit, answer any remaining questions, and confirm details.

Portfolio Review Tips:

  • Curate Strategically: Select case studies that best demonstrate your experience with mobile design, end-to-end ownership, and ideally, any work related to new technologies or complex problem-solving. If you have AI-related design work, definitely include it.

  • Tell a Story: Structure each case study as a narrative. Clearly define the problem, your role and responsibilities, the constraints, your process, key design decisions and their rationale, and the outcomes/impact.

  • Show, Don't Just Tell: Use visuals effectively – sketches, wireframes, user flows, prototypes, high-fidelity mockups, and data visualizations.

  • Highlight Process: Explain why you made certain decisions. Discuss trade-offs, challenges, and how you iterated based on feedback or data.

  • Quantify Impact: Whenever possible, use metrics to demonstrate the success of your designs (e.g., increased engagement, conversion rates, task completion times, efficiency gains).

  • Prepare for Deep Dives: Be ready to answer detailed questions about every aspect of your work, including your reasoning, challenges, and what you learned.

  • Practice AI Integration: If you include AI work, be prepared to explain how you used AI tools, what prompts you used, and the specific benefits achieved.

Challenge Preparation:

  • Design Thinking: Be ready to articulate your approach to solving design problems, starting from ambiguity.

  • Wearables Context: Think about the unique challenges and opportunities of designing for wearables and small screens (e.g., limited input, glanceability, context-awareness).

  • AI in Design: Consider how AI can be leveraged in the design process and for end-user features in the context of social media and wearables.

  • Ethical Considerations: Be prepared to discuss ethical implications of AI and designing for new technologies.

πŸ“ Enhancement Note: Meta's interview process is rigorous, and the portfolio review is paramount. Candidates should focus on showcasing not just design execution but also strategic thinking, problem-solving skills, and the ability to drive impact in complex, cutting-edge product areas. Strong preparation for the portfolio presentation is essential.

πŸ›  Tools & Technology Stack

Primary Tools:

  • Design & Prototyping: Figma (highly prevalent at Meta), Sketch, Adobe Creative Suite (Photoshop, Illustrator).

  • Prototyping Tools: Protopie, Framer, or advanced

Figma prototyping capabilities for interactive models.

  • AI Design Tools: This is an area of active development and adoption. Candidates should be familiar with or eager to learn tools for:
    • Generative Design: AI platforms for generating UI elements, layouts, or content based on prompts.
    • Prompt Engineering: Crafting effective prompts to guide AI models for design tasks.
    • AI-Assisted Workflows: Tools that integrate AI for tasks like image generation, content creation, code generation snippets, or design system analysis.

Analytics & Reporting:

  • Internal Analytics Platforms: Meta likely uses proprietary tools for tracking user behavior, engagement, and feature performance (e.g., for metrics like DAU/MAU, retention, conversion rates).

  • Data Visualization Tools: Tableau, Looker, or internal equivalents for analyzing and presenting data insights.

CRM & Automation: While not directly a designer's primary tool, an understanding of how designs integrate with backend systems, user data management (CRM principles), and automated workflows is beneficial.

πŸ“ Enhancement Note: Proficiency in Figma is almost a given for design roles at large tech companies like Meta. The emphasis on AI tools is a significant differentiator, suggesting that candidates who can demonstrate practical experience or a strong understanding of AI's role in design workflows will be highly valued.

πŸ‘₯ Team Culture & Values

Operations Values:

  • Move Fast: A core Meta value that encourages rapid iteration and deployment. For designers, this means being efficient and decisive.

  • Be Bold: Encourages taking risks and pursuing ambitious ideas, especially in new technology areas like wearables and AI.

  • Focus on Impact: Decisions are driven by the potential to create meaningful impact for users and the business. Data and metrics are key to demonstrating this.

  • Build Awesome Things: A passion for creating high-quality, innovative products that users love.

  • Live in the Future: Encourages forward-thinking and building the next generation of technology and experiences.

  • Data-Driven: Emphasizes basing decisions on rigorous analysis and user insights.

  • Collaboration: Strong emphasis on teamwork and working effectively across disciplines.

Collaboration Style:

  • Cross-functional Partnerships: Expect close collaboration with Product Managers, Engineers, Researchers, and other stakeholders.

  • Open Feedback Culture: Designers are encouraged to give and receive constructive feedback to improve product quality.

  • Knowledge Sharing: Active participation in design critiques, internal forums, and sharing best practices.

  • Agile Methodologies: Working within agile development cycles, requiring adaptability and continuous communication.

πŸ“ Enhancement Note: Meta's culture is characterized by its speed, ambition, and data-driven approach. Employees are expected to be proactive, resilient, and focused on delivering measurable results. The emphasis on "moving fast" and "being bold" is crucial context for understanding how design decisions are made and executed within the company.

⚑ Challenges & Growth Opportunities

Challenges:

  • Navigating Ambiguity: Designing for emerging hardware and new interaction paradigms (wearables, AR) involves significant unknowns and evolving requirements.

  • Cross-Team Alignment: Coordinating design efforts across multiple large teams (Instagram, Wearables, XME) requires strong diplomacy and communication skills.

  • Balancing Innovation and Scale: Creating novel experiences while ensuring they are robust, performant, and scalable for billions of users.

  • AI Integration Complexity: Effectively integrating AI into user experiences in a way that is helpful, ethical, and not intrusive.

  • Hardware Constraints: Designing within the limitations of wearable hardware (e.g., battery life, processing power, input methods).

Learning & Development Opportunities:

  • Cutting-Edge Technology: Direct exposure to and hands-on experience with next-generation hardware (wearables, AR) and advanced AI technologies.

  • Industry-Leading Design Practices: Learning from and contributing to the design methodologies of one of the world's largest tech companies.

  • Specialized Training: Opportunities for training in areas like AI-assisted design, advanced prototyping, or specific hardware interaction design.

  • Mentorship Programs: Access to senior designers and leaders for guidance and career development.

  • Conferences & Workshops: Potential for attending industry events to stay abreast of the latest trends in design, AI, and hardware.

πŸ“ Enhancement Note: This role presents a unique opportunity to work at the forefront of technological innovation. The challenges are significant but come with substantial learning and growth potential, particularly in areas that will define the future of social interaction and computing.

πŸ’‘ Interview Preparation

Strategy Questions:

  • "Describe a time you had to design for a completely new product category or form factor. What was your process, and what did you learn?"

    • Preparation: Focus on your approach to understanding novel user needs and constraints. Highlight how you used research and early prototyping to gain clarity.
  • "How do you balance user needs with business goals and technical feasibility, especially when designing for emerging technologies?"

    • Preparation: Use a specific project example. Discuss how you gathered input from different stakeholders and made trade-offs to arrive at a balanced solution.
  • "Walk me through your process for integrating AI tools into your design workflow. What are the benefits and potential pitfalls?"

    • Preparation: Be ready to discuss specific tools, prompts, and the impact on efficiency or creativity. Address ethical considerations like bias and data privacy.

Company & Culture Questions:

  • "Why are you interested in Meta and specifically this role on the XME team?"

    • Preparation: Research Meta's mission, current hardware initiatives (Quest, Ray-Ban Meta), and the XME team's focus. Connect your skills and passion to these areas.
  • "How do you contribute to a fast-paced, iterative design culture?"

    • Preparation: Provide examples of how you prioritize, manage your time, and collaborate effectively to meet deadlines and adapt to changes.
  • "Describe a situation where you had to influence stakeholders with differing opinions. How did you build consensus?"

    • Preparation: Use the STAR method (Situation, Task, Action, Result) to detail a scenario where your communication and persuasion skills were key.

Portfolio Presentation Strategy:

  • Focus on Wearables/Mobile: Prioritize case studies that showcase your experience with these platforms. If AI was involved, make that a prominent part of the narrative.

  • Structure Your Narrative: For each case study, clearly articulate the problem, your role, the journey (research, ideation, design, testing), key decisions, and the final outcome/impact.

  • Highlight AI's Role: If AI was used, explain how and why. Was it for ideation, content generation, workflow optimization, or a user-facing feature? Quantify any efficiency gains or quality improvements.

  • Showcase Craft: Be prepared to discuss your interaction design choices, visual design details, and prototyping techniques in depth.

  • Be Prepared for Tough Questions: Expect detailed questions about your process, rationale, and challenges. Honesty about what you learned from failures is valuable.

  • Practice, Practice, Practice: Rehearse your presentation multiple times to ensure smooth delivery, clear articulation, and adherence to time limits.

πŸ“ Enhancement Note: The interview process will heavily scrutinize your ability to think strategically, solve complex problems, and apply innovative design thinking, especially concerning new technologies like wearables and AI. Your portfolio is your primary tool to demonstrate these capabilities.

πŸ“Œ Application Steps

To apply for this Product Designer position:

  • Submit your application through the Meta Careers portal using the provided URL.

  • Portfolio Customization: Tailor your resume and portfolio to highlight your experience in mobile product design, end-to-end ownership, and any work with emerging technologies or AI. Ensure your case studies clearly demonstrate your problem-solving process and impact.

  • Resume Optimization: Ensure your resume clearly states your years of experience and highlights key skills relevant to product design, interaction design, and AI integration. Use keywords from the job description.

  • Interview Preparation: Thoroughly prepare for each stage of the interview process, with a special focus on your portfolio presentation. Practice articulating your design decisions and the impact of your work.

  • Company Research: Familiarize yourself with Meta's products, its focus on the metaverse and AI, and its design culture. Understand how Instagram fits into the broader Meta ecosystem.

⚠️ Important Notice: This enhanced job description includes AI-generated insights and industry-standard assumptions. All details should be verified directly with the hiring organization before making application decisions.

Application Requirements

Requires 8+ years of product design experience with a strong track record of owning consumer mobile products from concept to launch. Candidates should demonstrate expertise in interaction design, prototyping, and the ability to navigate ambiguous environments.