Senior UX Designer / Scrum Master - CHEC

Daimler Truck
Full-timeβ€’$117k-150k/year (USD)β€’Portland, United States

πŸ“ Job Overview

Job Title: Senior UX Designer / Scrum Master - CHEC

Company: Daimler Truck

Location: Portland, OR, United States / Fort Mill, SC, United States

Job Type: Full time

Category: User Experience (UX) Design & Agile Project Management

Date Posted: September 07, 2026

Experience Level: 7+ Years

Remote Status: Hybrid

πŸš€ Role Summary

  • This hybrid role combines deep User Experience (UX) design expertise with essential Scrum Master and Agile facilitation skills for the Custom Hardware and Electronics Configurator (CHEC) platform.

  • Focuses on designing intuitive and safe user workflows for complex vehicle electrical feature configuration within a high-complexity, safety-relevant domain.

  • Leverages Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools extensively to accelerate UX research, ideation, persona development, and design workflows, fostering AI fluency across the team.

  • Acts as the primary Agile facilitator for the CHEC Development/Operations (Dev/Ops) team, promoting continuous improvement and efficient delivery cycles.

  • Collaborates closely with Product Owners on backlog refinement and with React/.NET engineers to ensure high-quality implementation of designs.

πŸ“ Enhancement Note: This role is a unique blend, requiring a strong UX foundation with significant responsibility for Agile process management. The emphasis on AI tools suggests a forward-thinking team and a need for candidates who are not only skilled in traditional UX and Agile but also adaptable and eager to integrate cutting-edge AI technologies into their daily work. The "CHEC" platform implies a B2B or internal enterprise tool, demanding a focus on usability for expert users in a technical domain.

πŸ“ˆ Primary Responsibilities

  • Own the end-to-end User Experience (UX) strategy and execution for the CHEC web application, ensuring a cohesive and user-centric design.

  • Design and develop intuitive workflows for complex configuration tasks, including logic creation, PTO setup, and dash switch/gauge layouts, catering to expert users.

  • Create comprehensive UX artifacts, including wireframes, interaction models, user flows, and high-fidelity prototypes to effectively communicate design intent.

  • Establish, maintain, and evolve reusable UX patterns and safety-oriented design standards to ensure consistency and adherence to critical domain requirements.

  • Collaborate closely with React/.NET engineers throughout the development lifecycle to guarantee accurate and high-quality implementation of UX designs.

  • Conduct rigorous usability testing with diverse user groups, including internal teams, dealers, and Truck Equipment Manufacturers (TEMs), to gather actionable feedback.

  • Actively leverage AI tools (e.g., Claude, ChatGPT) to enhance UX research synthesis, expedite persona development, and stimulate innovative ideation processes.

  • Explore and integrate AI-assisted prototyping and design tools to significantly increase iteration speed and design exploration capabilities.

  • Serve as the dedicated Scrum Master for the CHEC Dev/Ops team, facilitating all core Agile ceremonies (Sprint Planning, Daily Standups, Sprint Reviews, Retrospectives).

  • Partner effectively with Product Owners to refine backlog items, define clear acceptance criteria, and ensure alignment with product vision.

  • Proactively identify, track, and help remove impediments that hinder the Dev/Ops team's delivery velocity and operational efficiency.

  • Champion and promote Agile best practices and a culture of continuous improvement within the development team.

  • Ensure transparency regarding team progress, identified risks, and project dependencies to stakeholders.

  • Champion the adoption of AI-augmented development practices across the team, fostering a culture of innovation and efficiency.

πŸ“ Enhancement Note: The responsibilities clearly indicate a dual focus. The UX responsibilities are comprehensive, covering the entire design lifecycle from research to implementation oversight. The Scrum Master duties are equally detailed, emphasizing facilitation, impediment removal, and Agile coaching. The explicit mention of AI tools and "prompt engineering" highlights a critical, modern competency expected in this role.

πŸŽ“ Skills & Qualifications

Education: Bachelor's degree in Computer Science, Software Engineering, Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), Design, or a closely related technical or design field.

Experience: A minimum of 7+ years of dedicated UX design experience, with a significant portion focused on complex enterprise or technical web applications. Hands-on experience working within Agile/Scrum development teams is essential.

Required Skills:

  • Proven expertise in end-to-end UX design for complex enterprise or technical web applications.

  • Strong background and practical application of interaction design principles and information architecture.

  • Demonstrated hands-on experience working in Agile/Scrum development teams, including participation in ceremonies and iterative development cycles.

  • Excellent facilitation, communication, and interpersonal skills, capable of engaging diverse stakeholders.

  • Demonstrated proficiency with AI-assisted design and research tools (e.g., Claude, Midjourney, Figma AI features) for accelerating creative and analytical tasks.

  • Foundational prompt engineering skills: the ability to craft effective prompts for research synthesis, content generation, and design exploration using AI models.

  • The capacity to critically evaluate AI-generated outputs, identifying strengths and weaknesses, and refining them to meet high UX quality standards.

  • Experience creating wireframes, user flows, interaction models, and high-fidelity prototypes.

  • Familiarity with conducting usability testing and synthesizing feedback for design iteration. Preferred Skills:

  • Prior formal experience serving as a Scrum Master or Agile facilitator, with a deep understanding of Scrum principles and practices.

  • Experience specifically within configuration tools, engineering domains, or safety-relevant systems, understanding the nuances of such complex applications.

  • Familiarity with React-based design systems and their application in enterprise environments.

  • Certified Scrum Master (CSM) or equivalent Agile certification (e.g., PSM).

  • Experience using AI coding assistants (e.g., Claude Code, GitHub Copilot, Cursor) to support the design-to-development handoff process.

  • A track record of successfully integrating AI tools into UX workflows to demonstrably accelerate research and design delivery timelines.

  • Familiarity with prompt design principles specifically for user-facing AI features, enhancing user interaction with intelligent systems.

πŸ“ Enhancement Note: The education requirement is broad but leans towards technical or design fields, aligning with the dual nature of the role. The experience level of 7+ years for UX design suggests a senior individual contributor capable of strategic thinking and independent execution. The explicit mention of AI tools and prompt engineering is a significant differentiator, requiring candidates to demonstrate practical application beyond theoretical knowledge.

πŸ“Š Process & Systems Portfolio Requirements

Portfolio Essentials:

  • Showcase a minimum of 2-3 complex enterprise or technical web application projects, detailing your end-to-end UX design process.

  • For each project, clearly articulate the problem statement, your role, the methodologies used (especially Agile), and the specific challenges addressed.

  • Include examples of wireframes, user flows, interaction models, and high-fidelity prototypes, demonstrating your design craft and problem-solving approach.

  • Highlight specific instances where you have used AI tools to accelerate research, ideation, or prototyping, with clear explanations of the benefits achieved.

  • For projects involving configuration or logic-heavy systems, provide context and demonstrate how you simplified complexity for users.

  • Where applicable, include case studies or descriptions of how you facilitated Agile ceremonies or contributed to process improvement as a Scrum Master. Process Documentation:

  • Provide examples of how you document UX processes, such as user journey maps, personas, or design system guidelines, particularly those that are reusable and scalable.

  • Be prepared to discuss your approach to iterative development, feedback loops, and how you integrate user testing findings into design iterations within an Agile framework.

  • Demonstrate an understanding of how UX designs are handed off to development teams, and how you ensure implementation quality, especially in collaboration with React/.NET engineers.

  • Showcase any experience you have in establishing design standards or patterns, particularly those relevant to safety-critical or high-complexity domains.

πŸ“ Enhancement Note: Given the role's emphasis on both UX design and Agile facilitation, the portfolio should reflect a balance. For UX, the focus should be on complex problem-solving and user-centric solutions. For the Scrum Master aspect, while a formal portfolio isn't typical, candidates should be prepared to discuss their experiences in facilitating ceremonies, removing impediments, and fostering team improvement, potentially through case study-like examples or detailed descriptions of past team dynamics. The AI integration aspect is crucial and should be a distinct feature of the portfolio.

πŸ’΅ Compensation & Benefits

Salary Range: $117,000 - $150,000 USD per year.

Benefits:

  • Financial: Annual bonus program; 401k company contribution with company match (up to 6%) and non-elective company contribution (3-7% based on age).

  • Time Off: Starting at 4 weeks paid vacation; 13+ paid calendar holidays.

  • Family Support: 8 weeks paid parental leave.

  • Health & Wellness: Comprehensive healthcare plans; wellness programs; employee assistance program; onsite fitness (at select locations).

  • Professional Development: Tuition assistance; volunteer paid time off.

  • Insurance: Short-term and long-term disability plans.

Working Hours: Standard full-time hours, likely around 40 hours per week. The role is designated as Hybrid, requiring 4 days per week in the office and 1 day remote.

πŸ“ Enhancement Note: The salary range is competitive for a Senior UX Designer with Scrum Master responsibilities in the US. The benefits package is robust, offering a good mix of financial security, work-life balance, health support, and professional growth opportunities. The hybrid schedule with 4 days in-office is a key detail for candidates to consider.

🎯 Team & Company Context

🏒 Company Culture

Industry: Automotive Manufacturing & Technology. Daimler Truck North America (DTNA) is a leader in commercial vehicles, focusing on sustainability, electric, hydrogen, and autonomous driving technologies.

Company Size: Large enterprise (part of a global automotive giant). This implies structured processes, potential for cross-functional collaboration across many departments, and robust resources, but also potentially more bureaucratic layers.

Founded: Daimler Truck North America is a significant entity within the Daimler AG lineage, with a long history of innovation in the trucking industry. The specific formation of DTNA as a separate entity reflects a strategic focus on the North American market.

Team Structure:

  • The CHEC (Custom Hardware and Electronics Configurator) team is a specialized Development/Operations (Dev/Ops) unit.

  • The role reports into a Product Owner or a UX/Agile leadership role within the CHEC or a related product development group.

  • Collaboration is expected with React/.NET engineers, Product Owners, and potentially other UX designers, QA testers, and business stakeholders (TEMs, dealers). Methodology:

  • Agile/Scrum: The team operates under Agile principles, with the Senior UX Designer/Scrum Master facilitating core ceremonies and driving iterative development.

  • AI Integration: A core competency for this team is AI fluency, with daily use of AI tools for research, ideation, and design. This suggests a culture that embraces cutting-edge technology and continuous learning.

  • User-Centric Design: Strong emphasis on end-to-end UX ownership, usability testing, and incorporating feedback from diverse user groups.

  • Safety & Complexity: The domain (vehicle electrical features) is safety-relevant and high-complexity, requiring a disciplined approach to design and development, with meticulous attention to detail and correctness.

Company Website: https://www.daimlertruck.com/ (DTNA specific information might be found via their careers portal or specific product pages)

πŸ“ Enhancement Note: The company's focus on future driving technologies and sustainability indicates a forward-looking environment. The specific mention of CHEC suggests a critical internal tool, likely supporting sales, manufacturing, or customization processes. The team's emphasis on AI integration points to a progressive and tech-savvy culture within a large, established corporation.

πŸ“ˆ Career & Growth Analysis

Operations Career Level: This role is positioned at a senior individual contributor level, blending advanced UX design expertise with critical Agile project leadership. It signifies a high degree of autonomy and responsibility for strategic design direction and process facilitation.

Reporting Structure: The Senior UX Designer / Scrum Master will likely report to a Product Manager, Head of UX, or a Director of Engineering/Product Development within the DTNA organization. They will work closely with Product Owners and lead the Scrum team's processes.

Operations Impact: The impact of this role is significant, directly influencing the usability, efficiency, and correctness of a critical internal/B2B configuration tool (CHEC). Improved UX leads to faster configuration times, reduced errors, increased dealer and TEM satisfaction, and ultimately, more efficient sales and production processes. By facilitating Agile processes, the role ensures predictable delivery and continuous improvement, enhancing the overall productivity and success of the CHEC development team. The integration of AI is expected to further amplify efficiency and innovation.

Growth Opportunities:

  • UX Specialization: Deepen expertise in complex configuration design, AI-assisted design workflows, or specific areas of automotive UX.

  • Agile Leadership: Transition into a dedicated Scrum Master role, Agile Coach, or Product Owner position, potentially leading larger Agile teams or programs.

  • Technical Proficiency: Develop advanced skills in React or .NET development, or gain deeper understanding of vehicle electrical systems.

  • AI Expertise: Become a recognized expert in applying AI tools and prompt engineering within UX and development contexts, potentially leading AI adoption initiatives.

  • Management Track: With demonstrated leadership and cross-functional influence, opportunities may arise to move into management roles overseeing UX or Agile teams.

πŸ“ Enhancement Note: This role offers a dual path for growth. Candidates can excel in UX design, becoming a subject matter expert in complex enterprise systems and AI-driven design. Alternatively, they can pivot more heavily into Agile coaching and leadership. The blend of skills makes this individual highly valuable within an enterprise setting focused on complex product development.

🌐 Work Environment

Office Type: Hybrid work model. This involves a structured schedule of 4 days per week in the office and 1 day remote, aimed at fostering in-person collaboration and team cohesion.

Office Location(s): The position is available in either Fort Mill, SC, or Portland, OR.

Workspace Context:

  • Collaborative Environment: The hybrid model is designed to encourage face-to-face interaction, brainstorming, and team building, aligning with the "#OneTeamBestTeam" culture.

  • Tools & Technology: Access to standard enterprise development tools, including potentially advanced AI platforms, design software (like Figma), and development environments for React/.NET.

  • Team Interaction: Regular opportunities for direct collaboration with engineers, Product Owners, and other team members during office days, facilitating design reviews, problem-solving sessions, and Agile ceremonies.

Work Schedule: Standard business hours, with the expectation of being present in the office for the majority of the work week. Flexibility for remote work is structured as one day per week.

πŸ“ Enhancement Note: The hybrid model is a key aspect of the work environment. Candidates should be comfortable with a structured in-office presence and understand the company's rationale for this approach, which prioritizes in-person collaboration for innovation and customer experience.

πŸ“„ Application & Portfolio Review Process

Interview Process:

  • Initial Screening: Likely a recruiter screen to assess basic qualifications, interest, and cultural fit.

  • Hiring Manager Interview: Focus on experience, approach to UX design, Agile facilitation philosophy, and understanding of complex systems.

  • Portfolio Review & Technical Deep Dive: A session dedicated to walking through selected portfolio projects. Expect in-depth questions about your design process, problem-solving, AI tool usage, and how you translated requirements into solutions. For the Scrum Master aspect, expect questions on Agile principles, facilitation techniques, and handling team challenges.

  • Team/Peer Interviews: Meetings with potential team members (engineers, Product Owners) to assess collaboration style, communication skills, and fit within the Dev/Ops team dynamics.

  • Final Interview: Potentially with a senior leader to discuss strategic alignment, leadership potential, and overall fit.

Portfolio Review Tips:

  • Structure your UX Case Studies: Clearly outline the problem, your approach, the solutions (wireframes, prototypes), the results (metrics, user feedback), and your role.

  • Highlight AI Integration: Dedicate specific sections or examples to demonstrate how you've used AI tools for research, ideation, or prototyping. Quantify benefits where possible (e.g., "reduced research synthesis time by X%").

  • Showcase Complexity: Emphasize how you tackled complex logic, configuration, or technical requirements and made them user-friendly.

  • Explain Your Agile Contribution: Be ready to discuss your Scrum Master experiences – how you facilitated ceremonies, removed impediments, coached the team, and fostered continuous improvement. Use specific examples.

  • Prepare for Design Challenges: You might be asked to critique a design, propose solutions to a hypothetical UX problem related to configuration, or discuss how you'd approach a specific feature.

  • Demonstrate AI Prompting Skills: Be prepared to discuss your prompt engineering approach and show examples of effective prompts and their outputs.

Challenge Preparation:

  • UX Design Challenge: Expect a take-home assignment or an in-interview design exercise focusing on simplifying a complex configuration task or improving an existing workflow. Focus on a clear, iterative process and a well-reasoned solution.

  • Agile Scenario Questions: Prepare for questions like "How would you handle a conflict within the team?", "How do you improve sprint predictability?", or "How do you ensure effective backlog refinement?".

  • AI Tool Application: Be ready to discuss specific AI tools you use, how you apply them in your workflow, and how you validate their outputs.

πŸ“ Enhancement Note: The emphasis on AI tools and prompt engineering means candidates should be prepared to not only present their work but also explain the process of using AI within that work. For the Scrum Master portion, focus on practical application and problem-solving rather than just theoretical knowledge.

πŸ›  Tools & Technology Stack

Primary Tools:

  • UX Design & Prototyping: Figma (highly probable, given its industry prevalence and AI features), Sketch, Adobe Creative Suite.

  • AI-Assisted Design & Research: Claude, ChatGPT, Midjourney, potentially specialized AI design tools integrated into Figma or other platforms.

  • Development Technologies (for collaboration): React (frontend framework), .NET (backend framework) – understanding these for design handoff and implementation context is key.

Analytics & Reporting:

  • Usability Testing Platforms: UserTesting.com, Lookback, Maze (for testing prototypes).

  • Product Analytics: Tools like Google Analytics, Adobe Analytics, or specialized enterprise analytics platforms (though less direct for UX designer, understanding data is crucial).

  • Dashboarding Tools: Tableau, Power BI (for understanding overall product performance and user behavior trends).

CRM & Automation:

  • CRM: Salesforce (common in enterprise, but not directly used by UX/SM, context is useful).

  • Project Management/Agile Tools: Jira, Confluence (essential for backlog management, sprint tracking, and documentation).

  • Version Control (for design assets/collaboration): Abstract, Git (less common for UX, but awareness is helpful).

  • AI Coding Assistants: GitHub Copilot, Cursor (for understanding how engineers might leverage AI).

πŸ“ Enhancement Note: The explicit mention of React/.NET engineers means familiarity with these technologies from a design integration perspective is beneficial. The core requirement is proficiency in modern UX design tools, with a strong emphasis on AI-powered applications for research, ideation, and prototyping. Jira and Confluence are standard for Agile teams.

πŸ‘₯ Team Culture & Values

Operations Values:

  • Innovation & AI Fluency: A strong drive to leverage cutting-edge AI technologies to enhance efficiency, accelerate workflows, and foster new solutions in UX design and development.

  • User-Centricity: A deep commitment to understanding and serving the needs of complex users, ensuring that the CHEC platform is intuitive, effective, and safe.

  • Collaboration & Teamwork: A belief in the power of collective effort, with emphasis on cross-functional teamwork, open communication, and mutual support within the Dev/Ops team and with stakeholders.

  • Agile Mindset: Embracing iterative development, continuous improvement, adaptability, and a focus on delivering value incrementally.

  • Quality & Discipline: A commitment to high standards of design and development, recognizing the critical and safety-relevant nature of the CHEC platform.

Collaboration Style:

  • Cross-functional Integration: Expect close collaboration between UX designers, Scrum Masters, Product Owners, and React/.NET engineers, with a focus on seamless handoffs and shared understanding.

  • Agile Ceremonies: Regular participation in structured Agile meetings (stand-ups, planning, reviews, retrospectives) to ensure alignment, transparency, and continuous feedback.

  • Knowledge Sharing: An environment that encourages sharing best practices, insights from AI tools, and lessons learned from user testing and Agile retrospectives.

  • Iterative Design & Development: A culture that values feedback loops, where designs are continuously refined based on user input and technical feasibility discussions.

πŸ“ Enhancement Note: The company culture appears to value both innovation (AI) and disciplined execution (safety-relevant domain, Agile). Collaboration is key, especially given the hybrid model and the need for tight integration between design, development, and product management.

⚑ Challenges & Growth Opportunities

Challenges:

  • Balancing Dual Roles: Effectively managing the demands of both senior UX design and Scrum Master responsibilities, requiring strong time management and prioritization skills.

  • AI Integration Complexity: Navigating the rapidly evolving landscape of AI tools, ensuring their effective and ethical application, and critically evaluating AI-generated outputs.

  • Complex Domain: Designing for a high-complexity, safety-relevant system (vehicle electrical configurations) requires deep understanding and meticulous attention to detail.

  • Hybrid Work Model: Adapting to a structured hybrid schedule, ensuring effective collaboration and communication across in-office and remote days.

  • Legacy Systems & Modernization: Potentially working with existing systems while driving adoption of new UX patterns and AI tools within an established enterprise.

Learning & Development Opportunities:

  • Advanced AI Application: Deepen expertise in prompt engineering and utilizing AI for advanced UX research, generative design, and workflow automation.

  • Agile Coaching & Transformation: Develop skills in coaching teams, facilitating organizational Agile transformations, and potentially pursuing advanced Agile certifications.

  • Domain Expertise: Gain specialized knowledge in automotive electronics configuration, engineering processes, and safety standards relevant to DTNA products.

  • Technical Skill Enhancement: Further develop understanding of React, .NET, and how AI coding assistants are used in development, improving design-to-code handoff.

  • Leadership Development: Opportunities to mentor junior team members, lead design initiatives, or take on more strategic product responsibilities.

πŸ“ Enhancement Note: The challenges are directly tied to the unique blend of responsibilities and the cutting-edge technologies involved. Growth opportunities are plentiful, allowing for specialization in either UX, Agile, or AI, or a combination thereof, within a large enterprise context.

πŸ’‘ Interview Preparation

Strategy Questions:

  • UX Strategy: "Describe how you would approach redesigning a complex configuration tool like CHEC. What are your first steps, and how would you involve users and stakeholders?" (Focus on user research, iterative design, and stakeholder management).

  • AI Integration: "How have you used AI tools in your UX workflow? Can you provide a specific example of how AI accelerated your research or ideation process, and how did you validate the AI's output?" (Be ready with concrete examples and discuss prompt engineering).

  • Agile Facilitation: "How do you ensure effective backlog refinement sessions? What are your strategies for removing impediments that block a Scrum team?" (Demonstrate practical Agile knowledge and problem-solving).

  • Design for Complexity: "What are the key challenges in designing for safety-relevant or highly technical systems? How do you ensure correctness and usability?" (Highlight your experience with complex domains).

Company & Culture Questions:

  • "What interests you about Daimler Truck and the CHEC platform specifically?" (Research DTNA's mission, products, and the importance of configuration tools).

  • "How do you see your role as a Senior UX Designer and Scrum Master contributing to our '#OneTeamBestTeam' culture?" (Discuss collaboration, communication, and shared goals).

  • "How do you stay current with advancements in UX design, Agile methodologies, and AI technology?" (Showcase continuous learning). Portfolio Presentation Strategy:

  • Narrative Flow: Structure your portfolio presentation around clear stories for each project, emphasizing the problem, your process, and the impact.

  • AI Showcase: Dedicate specific slides or segments to demonstrating your AI tool usage. Show prompts, outputs, and how you refined them.

  • Quantify Impact: Whenever possible, use metrics (e.g., improved task completion time, reduced error rates, increased user satisfaction scores) to demonstrate the value of your UX work.

  • Agile Experience Integration: Weave your Scrum Master experiences into your project discussions where relevant (e.g., how Agile iterations helped refine a design, how you facilitated a decision).

  • Interactive Elements: Be prepared for live demos of prototypes or discussions about how you would approach a new challenge.

πŸ“ Enhancement Note: Candidates should prepare to articulate their understanding of AI's role in modern UX and development, not just as a tool, but as a strategic enabler. For the Scrum Master aspect, focus on demonstrating leadership and problem-solving within an Agile context.

πŸ“Œ Application Steps

To apply for this operations position:

  • Submit your application through the official Daimler Truck North America careers portal via the provided link.

  • Resume Optimization: Tailor your resume to highlight both your senior UX design experience (especially with complex enterprise applications) and your Scrum Master/Agile facilitation skills. Use keywords from the job description, including "UX Design," "Scrum Master," "Agile," "AI," "Prompt Engineering," "Interaction Design," and ".NET/React." Quantify achievements wherever possible.

  • Portfolio Curation: Ensure your portfolio prominently features projects demonstrating your ability to design for complex systems and your experience integrating AI tools into your workflow. Prepare to walk through 1-2 key projects, focusing on your process, problem-solving, and outcomes.

  • Interview Preparation: Practice articulating your experience with both UX design and Agile facilitation. Be ready to discuss specific examples of how you've used AI tools to enhance your work and how you've facilitated Scrum ceremonies or removed impediments. Research Daimler Truck's products and their commitment to future technologies.

  • Company & Role Alignment: Clearly articulate why you are interested in Daimler Truck, the CHEC platform, and this specific dual-role position. Highlight how your skills in UX, Agile, and AI align with the company's values and the role's requirements.

⚠️ Important Notice: This enhanced job description includes AI-generated insights and operations industry-standard assumptions. All details should be verified directly with the hiring organization before making application decisions.

Application Requirements

Candidates must have a bachelor's degree in Computer Science, Software Engineering, or a related field and at least 7 years of UX design experience on complex enterprise applications. Proficiency in Agile methodologies, AI-assisted design tools, and strong communication skills are required.